, settlement_type =

Region In geography, regions, otherwise referred to as zones, lands or territories, are areas that are broadly divided by physical characteristics (physical geography), human impact characteristics (human geography), and the interaction of humanity and t ...

, image_skyline = , imagesize = , image_alt = , image_caption = , image_flag = , flag_alt = , image_seal = , seal_alt = , image_shield = , shield_alt = , etymology = , nickname = Atlantica , motto = , image_map = New England Governors and Eastern Canadian Premiers Conference members.svg , map_alt = , map_caption = , pushpin_map = , pushpin_map_alt = , pushpin_map_caption = , pushpin_label_position = , coordinates = , coor_pinpoint = , coordinates_footnotes = , subdivision_type = Countries , subdivision_name =

Canada Canada is a country in North America. Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean and northward into the Arctic Ocean, covering over , making it the world's second-largest country by tot ...

and

United States The United States of America (U.S.A. or USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It consists of 50 states, a federal district, five major unincorporated territorie ...

, subdivision_type1 = States/Provinces , subdivision_name1 = , subdivision_type2 = Largest metropolitan areas , subdivision_name2 = , subdivision_type3 = , subdivision_name3 = , established_title = , established_date = , founder = , seat_type = , seat = , government_footnotes = , government_type = , governing_body = , leader_party = , leader_title = , leader_name = , leader_title1 = , leader_name1 = , leader_title2 = , leader_name2 = , leader_title3 = , leader_name3 = , leader_title4 = , leader_name4 = , unit_pref = Metric

Border disputes

The "Gray Zone" is an area of land and sea which is claimed by both Canada and the United States. It is located off the coasts of

New Brunswick New Brunswick (french: Nouveau-Brunswick, , locally ) is one of the thirteen provinces and territories of Canada. It is one of the three Maritime provinces and one of the four Atlantic provinces. It is the only province with both English and ...

and

Maine Maine () is a state in the New England and Northeastern regions of the United States. It borders New Hampshire to the west, the Gulf of Maine to the southeast, and the Canadian provinces of New Brunswick and Quebec to the northeast and north ...

. The only land within this area are two islands,

Machias Seal Island Machias Seal Island is an island in disputed water between the Gulf of Maine and the Bay of Fundy, about southeast from Cutler, Maine, and southwest of Grand Manan Island, New Brunswick. Sovereignty of the island is disputed by the United Sta ...

and

North Rock North Rock (french: Roche North) is an offshore rock near the boundary between the Gulf of Maine and the Bay of Fundy east of the North American continent. Its ownership is disputed between the Canadian province of New Brunswick and the U.S. sta ...

. The "Gray Zone" is one of four areas between the two countries whose sovereignty is still in dispute, but is the only one of the disputed areas containing land. In 1979, both countries filed a joint application to the

International Court of Justice The International Court of Justice (ICJ; french: Cour internationale de justice, links=no; ), sometimes known as the World Court, is one of the six principal organs of the United Nations (UN). It settles disputes between states in accordanc ...

to avoid having the dispute settled when oceanic boundaries in the area were set for mineral and fishing rights. Canadians have had a continuous presence in the area since 1832 when a lighthouse was built.

Places of interest

Northeast Canyons and Seamounts Marine National Monument The Northeast Canyons and Seamounts Marine National Monument is a marine national monument of the United States off the coast of New England, on the seaward edge of Georges Bank. It was created by President Barack Obama on September 15, 2016, a ...

is located off the shore of

Cape Cod Cape Cod is a peninsula extending into the Atlantic Ocean from the southeastern corner of mainland Massachusetts, in the northeastern United States. Its historic, maritime character and ample beaches attract heavy tourism during the summer mont ...

. The national monument comprises of underwater canyons carved into the

continental shelf A continental shelf is a portion of a continent that is submerged under an area of relatively shallow water, known as a shelf sea. Much of these shelves were exposed by drops in sea level during glacial periods. The shelf surrounding an island ...

, and has an underwater mountain rising above the ocean floor. This monument is home to many marine species, fish, whales, and dolphins. The monument was formed by a declaration by President

Barack Obama Barack Hussein Obama II ( ; born August 4, 1961) is an American politician who served as the 44th president of the United States from 2009 to 2017. A member of the Democratic Party, Obama was the first African-American president of the U ...

Salem, Massachusetts Salem ( ) is a historic coastal city in Essex County, Massachusetts, located on the North Shore of Greater Boston. Continuous settlement by Europeans began in 1626 with English colonists. Salem would become one of the most significant seaports tr ...

, is a famous location in New England known primarily for the

Salem witch trials The Salem witch trials were a series of hearings and prosecutions of people accused of witchcraft in colonial Massachusetts between February 1692 and May 1693. More than 200 people were accused. Thirty people were found guilty, 19 of whom w ...

. It was also one of Massachusetts' wealthiest ports for trading in the late 18th century.

Acadia National Park Acadia National Park is an American national park located along the mid-section of the Maine coast, southwest of Bar Harbor. The park preserves about half of Mount Desert Island, part of the Isle au Haut, the tip of the Schoodic Peninsula, and ...

is on

Mount Desert Island Mount Desert Island (MDI; french: Île des Monts Déserts) in Hancock County, Maine, is the largest island off the coast of Maine. With an area of it is the 52nd-largest island in the United States, the sixth-largest island in the contiguous ...

in Maine, with of woodlands, rocky shoreline, trails, camping, and wildlife. The park is home to

Cadillac Mountain Cadillac Mountain is located on Mount Desert Island, within Acadia National Park, in the U.S. state of Maine. With an elevation of , its summit is the highest point in Hancock County and the highest within of the Atlantic shoreline of the Nor ...

, the highest mountain on the east coast of the United States.

Climate

The Atlantic Northeast region has a four-

season A season is a division of the year based on changes in weather, ecology, and the number of daylight hours in a given region. On Earth, seasons are the result of the axial parallelism of Earth's tilted orbit around the Sun. In temperate and pol ...

climate. In the

New England New England is a region comprising six states in the Northeastern United States: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont. It is bordered by the state of New York to the west and by the Canadian provinces ...

region of the United States, summers are hot with an average temperature of in late June through August. In the fall the air is cool, with temperatures from , and in the spring it tends to be rainy, with temperatures from . In the winter there tends to be a lot of snowfall averaging around per year. The typical temperature in this area during the winter is around . The Canadian Maritimes have seasons very similar to the New England areas.

has cold winters ranging from approximately and hot summers with temperatures from .

Prince Edward Island Prince Edward Island (PEI; ) is one of the thirteen Provinces and territories of Canada, provinces and territories of Canada. It is the smallest province in terms of land area and population, but the most densely populated. The island has seve ...

has a climate similar to New Brunswick with temperatures ranging from in the summer and in the winter. In the summer in

Nova Scotia Nova Scotia ( ; ; ) is one of the thirteen provinces and territories of Canada. It is one of the three Maritime provinces and one of the four Atlantic provinces. Nova Scotia is Latin for "New Scotland". Most of the population are native Eng ...

temperatures will reach around , and in the winter temperatures will drop as low as .

Demographics

Most of the region's population is concentrated in southwestern

and the

Saint Lawrence Lowlands In religious belief, a saint is a person who is recognized as having an exceptional degree of holiness, likeness, or closeness to God. However, the use of the term ''saint'' depends on the context and denomination. In Catholic, Eastern Ortho ...

of Quebec, both of which form the northern part of their respective country's largest megalopolises. The region's largest metropolitan areas are

Greater Boston Greater Boston is the metropolitan region of New England encompassing the municipality of Boston (the capital of the U.S. state of Massachusetts and the most populous city in New England) and its surrounding areas. The region forms the northern ar ...

Massachusetts Massachusetts (Massachusett language, Massachusett: ''Muhsachuweesut assachusett writing systems, məhswatʃəwiːsət'' English: , ), officially the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, is the most populous U.S. state, state in the New England ...

, with 4.8 million people;

Greater Montreal Greater Montreal (french: Grand Montréal) is the most populous metropolitan area in Quebec and the second most populous in Canada after Greater Toronto. In 2015, Statistics Canada identified Montreal's Census Metropolitan Area (CMA) as with a ...

, Quebec, with 4.1 million people; Greater Providence,

Rhode Island Rhode Island (, like ''road'') is a U.S. state, state in the New England region of the Northeastern United States. It is the List of U.S. states by area, smallest U.S. state by area and the List of states and territories of the United States ...

, with 1.62 million people; and

Greater Hartford Greater Hartford is a region located in the U.S. state of Connecticut, centered on the state's capital of Hartford, Connecticut, Hartford. It represents the only combined statistical area in Connecticut defined by a city within the state, being bo ...

Connecticut Connecticut () is the southernmost state in the New England region of the Northeastern United States. It is bordered by Rhode Island to the east, Massachusetts to the north, New York to the west, and Long Island Sound to the south. Its cap ...

, with 1.21 million people.

Largest cities and metropolitan areas

This is a list of the most populous cities and metropolitan areas in the Atlantic Northeast based on the

2016 Canadian Census The 2016 Canadian census was an enumeration of Canadian residents, which counted a population of 35,151,728, a change from its 2011 population of 33,476,688. The census, conducted by Statistics Canada, was Canada's seventh quinquennial census. ...

and

United States Census Bureau The United States Census Bureau (USCB), officially the Bureau of the Census, is a principal agency of the U.S. Federal Statistical System, responsible for producing data about the American people and economy. The Census Bureau is part of the ...

population estimates as of July 1, 2019.

Notes

Culture

Sports

Historical landmarks

Alexander Graham Bell National Historic Site Alexander Graham Bell National Historic Site is a property in Baddeck, Cape Breton, Nova Scotia, Canada, overlooking the Bras d'Or Lakes. The site is a unit of Parks Canada, the national park system, and includes the Alexander Graham Bell Nat ...

Baddeck Baddeck () is a village in northeastern Nova Scotia, Canada. It is situated in the centre of Cape Breton, approximately 6 km east of where the Baddeck River empties into Bras d'Or Lake. Local governance is provided by the rural municipality ...

Cape Breton Island Cape Breton Island (french: link=no, île du Cap-Breton, formerly '; gd, Ceap Breatainn or '; mic, Unamaꞌki) is an island on the Atlantic coast of North America and part of the province of Nova Scotia, Canada. The island accounts for 18. ...

, Nova Scotia, commemorates

Alexander Graham Bell Alexander Graham Bell (, born Alexander Bell; March 3, 1847 – August 2, 1922) was a Scottish-born inventor, scientist and engineer who is credited with patenting the first practical telephone. He also co-founded the American Telephone and Te ...

, a remarkable inventor who created Canada's first engine-powered airplane, the world's fastest boat, and the world's first telephone, along with many other achievements. USA-The Freedom Trail

Halifax Citadel National Historic Site is the site of Fort George in Halifax, Nova Scotia. Visitors can take tours of the fort, learning about its soldiers, its legends and ghost stories, and even become a soldier for the day. The

Freedom Trail The Freedom Trail is a path through Boston, Massachusetts, that passes by 16 locations significant to the history of the United States. Marked largely with brick, it winds from Boston Common in downtown Boston through the North End to the Bu ...

is a two and a half mile walking trail through the city of Boston that takes visitors past sixteen historic sites that led to the American Revolution, including the

Boston Common The Boston Common (also known as the Common) is a public park in downtown Boston, Massachusetts. It is the oldest city park in the United States. Boston Common consists of of land bounded by Tremont Street (139 Tremont St.), Park Street, Beacon ...

, the

Park Street Church Park Street Church, founded in 1804, is a historic and active evangelical congregational megachurch in Downtown Boston, Massachusetts. The Park Street Church is a member of the Conservative Congregational Christian Conference. Typical attendance a ...

, the

Granary Burying Ground The Granary Burying Ground in Massachusetts is the city of Boston's third-oldest cemetery, founded in 1660 and located on Tremont Street. It is the final resting place for many notable Revolutionary War-era patriots, including Paul Revere, the ...

King's Chapel King's Chapel is an American independent christianity, Christian unitarianism, unitarian congregation affiliated with the Unitarian Universalist Association that is "unitarian Christian in theology, anglicanism, Anglican in worship, and congrega ...

, the

Old Corner Bookstore The Old Corner Bookstore is a historic commercial building located at 283 Washington Street at the corner of School Street in the historic core of Boston, Massachusetts. It was built in 1718 as a residence and apothecary shop, and first became ...

, the Old State House, the site of the

Boston Massacre The Boston Massacre (known in Kingdom of Great Britain, Great Britain as the Incident on King Street) was a confrontation in Boston on March 5, 1770, in which a group of nine British soldiers shot five people out of a crowd of three or four hu ...

Faneuil Hall Faneuil Hall ( or ; previously ) is a marketplace and meeting hall located near the waterfront and today's Government Center, in Boston, Massachusetts. Opened in 1742, it was the site of several speeches by Samuel Adams, James Otis, and others ...

, the

Paul Revere House The Paul Revere House, built c.1680, was the colonial home of American patriot and Founding Father Paul Revere during the time of the American Revolution. A National Historic Landmark since 1961, it is located at 19 North Square, Boston, Massa ...

, the

Old North Church Old North Church (officially, Christ Church in the City of Boston), at 193 Salem Street, in the North End, Boston, is the location from which the famous "One if by land, two if by sea" signal is said to have been sent. This phrase is related ...

, the USS ''Constitution'', and the

Bunker Hill Monument The Bunker Hill Monument is a monument erected at the site of the Battle of Bunker Hill in Boston, Massachusetts, which was among the first major battles between the Red Coats and Patriots in the American Revolutionary War. The 221-foot (67 m) gran ...

. The Salem Witch Museum describes the history of the

of 1692 through life-size figures and narrations. The

First Baptist Church in America The First Baptist Church in America is the First Baptist Church of Providence, Rhode Island, also known as the First Baptist Meetinghouse. It is the oldest Baptist church congregation in the United States, founded in 1638 by Roger Williams in Pr ...

was founded in

Providence, Rhode Island Providence is the capital and most populous city of the U.S. state of Rhode Island. One of the oldest cities in New England, it was founded in 1636 by Roger Williams, a Reformed Baptist theologian and religious exile from the Massachusetts Bay ...

, in 1638 by

William Vincent Carpenter William Carpenter (c. 1610 – 7 September 1685) was a co-founder of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations, born about 1610, probably in Amesbury, Wiltshire, England. He died September 7, 1685, in the Pawtuxet section of Providence, now in Cr ...

and

Roger Williams Roger Williams (21 September 1603between 27 January and 15 March 1683) was an English-born New England Puritan minister, theologian, and author who founded Providence Plantations, which became the Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantation ...

and was later rebuilt in 1774. Guided tours are available from Memorial Day through Labor Day on weekdays, and self tours of the landmark are available all year round. The

Lake Champlain Maritime Museum The Lake Champlain Maritime Museum (LCMM) is a non-profit museum located in Vergennes, Vermont, US. It preserves and shares the history and archaeology of Lake Champlain. As a maritime museum practicing archaeology, LCMM studies the shipwrecks ...

, in

Vergennes, Vermont Vergennes is a city located in the northwest quadrant of Addison County, Vermont, United States. The municipality is bordered by the towns of Ferrisburgh, Panton, and Waltham. As of the 2020 census, its population was 2,553. It is the smalle ...

, open from May to October, houses historic

schooner A schooner () is a type of sailing vessel defined by its rig: fore-and-aft rigged on all of two or more masts and, in the case of a two-masted schooner, the foremast generally being shorter than the mainmast. A common variant, the topsail schoon ...

steamboat A steamboat is a boat that is marine propulsion, propelled primarily by marine steam engine, steam power, typically driving propellers or Paddle steamer, paddlewheels. Steamboats sometimes use the ship prefix, prefix designation SS, S.S. or S/S ...

s, wooden boats,

shipwreck A shipwreck is the wreckage of a ship that is located either beached on land or sunken to the bottom of a body of water. Shipwrecking may be intentional or unintentional. Angela Croome reported in January 1999 that there were approximately ...

s, and even a Revolutionary War gunboat replica. Visitors can learn about the history of the lake's role in commerce, communication, transportation, and war, as well as its natural history above and below sea level.

Charlottetown City Hall Charlottetown City Hall is the seat of City Council in Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada. It is located at 199 Queen Street at the corner of Kent Street. It was designed by architects John Lemuel Phillips and Charles Benjamin Chappel ...

is the oldest municipal building on Prince Edward Island, built in 1888. Visitors can tour the City Hall to learn about the history and present day of Prince Edward Island and the city of

Charlottetown Charlottetown is the capital and largest city of the Canadian province of Prince Edward Island, and the county seat of Queens County. Named after Queen Charlotte, Charlottetown was an unincorporated town until it was incorporated as a city in ...

Education in Maritime

The Maritime Province Higher Education Committee is responsible for administering and assisting post-secondary education systems within the Canadian part of the region. They also help with institution and government programs to educate people with a better learning environment. *

Nova Scotia Community College
** McKenzie College **Kingston Bible College **Gaelic College **Canadian Coast Guard College *

New Brunswick Community College New Brunswick Community College (NBCC) is a community college located throughout various locations in New Brunswick, Canada including Moncton, Miramichi, Fredericton (its head office), Saint John, St. Andrews, and Woodstock. New Brunswick Co ...

** New Brunswick Bible Institute **

Maritime College of Forest Technology The Maritime College of Forest Technology (French: Collège de Technologie forestière des Maritimes) is a Canadian post-secondary college with campuses located in Fredericton, New Brunswick (English instruction) and Bathurst, New Brunswick (Fre ...

Collège communautaire du Nouveau-Brunswick The Collège communautaire du Nouveau-Brunswick (CCNB) is a French-language institution of post-secondary education founded in 1970, that serves all the Francophone and Acadian communities in New Brunswick through its five campuses in Bathurst, C ...

Prince Edward island Prince Edward Island (PEI; ) is one of the thirteen Provinces and territories of Canada, provinces and territories of Canada. It is the smallest province in terms of land area and population, but the most densely populated. The island has seve ...

Maritime Christian College Maritime Christian College is a degree-issuing institution located in Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island. The college is part of the Church of Christ / Christian Church Restoration Movement. The purpose of Maritime Christian College is to equip ...

Collège de l'Île Collège de l'Île (formerly Collège Acadie Île-du-Prince-Édouard) is a Francophone post-secondary community college in the Canadian province of Prince Edward Island with headquarters in the community of Wellington. It was originally a campus o ...

Holland College Holland College is the provincial community college for the Canadian province of Prince Edward Island (PEI). It is named after the British Army engineer and surveyor Captain Samuel Holland. History It was formed by the Government of Prince E ...

Economy

New England economy shows continuous growth in the second quarter of 2016. The unemployment rate is 4.4 percent which is a .6 drop from last years census in 2015. From 2015 to 2016 the job that had the most growth in a year was construction. The manufacturing nationally decreased from two thousand fifteen to two thousand and sixteen but the New England area had a nice increase. Employment rate - Job growth in the New England states hit a growth rate of two point one percent which is an increase from last year.

Unemployment rate

Rhode Island - 17% Connecticut - 7.9% Massachusetts - 15.1% New Hampshire - 16.7% Maine - 10.6% Vermont - 15.6%

Home prices

Home prices have raised nationally and regionally year-over-year house prices have all been positively marked up. However Massachusetts had the best house price gains out of the whole New England area which was a 5.2 percent mark up.

House price index

Massachusetts - five percent increase New Hampshire - four percent increase Maine - three percent increase Vermont - two percent increase

Transportation

Wildlife

Birds

In the Atlantic Northeast it is common to see many birds living in the region, including

bald eagle The bald eagle (''Haliaeetus leucocephalus'') is a bird of prey found in North America. A sea eagle, it has two known subspecies and forms a species pair with the white-tailed eagle (''Haliaeetus albicilla''), which occupies the same niche as ...

s (''Haliaeetus leucocephalus''),

piping plover The piping plover (''Charadrius melodus'') is a small sand-colored, sparrow-sized shorebird that nests and feeds along coastal sand and gravel beaches in North America. The adult has yellow-orange-red legs, a black band across the forehead from e ...

s (Atlantic coast) (''Charadrius melodus''), the

red-cockaded woodpecker The red-cockaded woodpecker (''Leuconotopicus borealis'') is a woodpecker endemic to the southeastern United States. Description The red-cockaded woodpecker is small to mid-sized species, being intermediate in size between North America's two ...

(''Picoides borealis''), the

red knot The red knot or just knot (''Calidris canutus'') is a medium-sized shorebird which breeds in tundra and the Arctic Cordillera in the far north of Canada, Europe, and Russia. It is a large member of the ''Calidris'' sandpipers, second only to the ...

(''Calidris canutus rufa''), the North American subspecies of the

roseate tern The roseate tern (''Sterna dougallii'') is a species of tern in the family Laridae. The genus name ''Sterna'' is derived from Old English "stearn", "tern", and the specific ''dougallii'' refers to Scottish physician and collector Dr Peter McDoug ...

(''Sterna dougallii dougallii''), and

shorebirds 245px, A flock of Dunlins and Red knots">Red_knot.html" ;"title="Dunlins and Red knot">Dunlins and Red knots Waders or shorebirds are birds of the order Charadriiformes commonly found wikt:wade#Etymology 1, wading along shorelines and mudflat ...

Aquatic life

The aquatic life in the Atlantic Northeast is quite extensive. The more common animals that are found in the area include the American eel (''Anguilla rostrata''), Appalachian monkey-face pearly mussel (''

Theliderma sparsa ''Theliderma sparsa'', the Appalachian monkey-face pearly mussel or Appalachian monkeyface, is a species of freshwater mussel, an aquatic bivalve mollusk in the family Unionidae, the river mussels. This species is endemic to western Virginia an ...

''), dwarf wedgemussel (''Alasmidonta heterodon''),

Atlantic horseshoe crab The Atlantic horseshoe crab (''Limulus polyphemus''), also known as the American horseshoe crab, is a species of marine and brackish chelicerate arthropod. Despite their name, horseshoe crabs are more closely related to spiders, ticks, and scorp ...

(''Limulus polyphemus''), Kenk's amphipod (''Stygobromus kenki''), and

northern red-bellied cooter The northern red-bellied turtle (''Pseudemys rubriventris'') or American red-bellied turtle is a species of turtle in the Pseudemys (cooter) genus of the family Emydidae. Description A fairly large river turtle, it averages about in length and ...

(''Pseudemys rubriventris'').

Plants

The plant life in the Atlantic Northeast is quite varied due to the turbulent climate in that area, but some of the more common plant life includes such species as Furbish lousewort](''

Pedicularis furbishiae ''Pedicularis furbishiae'', or Furbish's lousewort, is a perennial herb found only on the shores of the upper Saint John River in Maine and New Brunswick. Furbish's lousewort was first recognized as a new species by Maine naturalist and botanic ...

''), Jesup's milk-vetch (''

Astragalus robbinsii ''Astragalus robbinsii'' is a species of milkvetch known by the common name Robbins's milkvetch. It is native to North America, where it is widespread with several varieties originating from different regions. *''A. r.'' var. ''alpiniformis'' i ...

var. jesupii''), and Northeastern bulrush (''

Scirpus ancistrochaetus ''Scirpus ancistrochaetus'' is a rare species of flowering plant in the sedge family known by the common names barbedbristle bulrush and northeastern bulrush. It is native to the northeastern United States from New Hampshire south to Virginia. I ...

'').

References

{{Coord, 43.6806, N, 70.7336, W, display=title Geography of New England Geography of the Maritimes Geography of the United States Geography of Canada Geography of Connecticut Geography of New Hampshire Geography of New York (state) Geography of Rhode Island Geography of Vermont Geography of Maine Geography of Quebec Geography of Nova Scotia Geography of New Brunswick Geography of Prince Edward Island Geography of Newfoundland and Labrador

Border disputes

Places of interest

Climate

Demographics

Largest cities and metropolitan areas

Notes

Culture

Sports

Historical landmarks

Education in Maritime

Economy

Unemployment rate

Home prices

House price index

Transportation

Wildlife

Birds

Aquatic life

Plants

See also

References